Citation

Short quotes (up to two lines of text):  Are cited in the continuous text using typographical quotation marks („“).

Example
In einer der wenigen älteren Studien, die sich mit Trauersitten beschäftigen, wird behauptet, „dass die Frau allgemein in höherem Masse zur Trauer geeignet und verpflichtet ist als der Mann“ (Meuli 1975: 366–367).

Long quotes (from three lines of text):  Are set off from the continuous text and quoted without quotation marks.

Example

The choice of including a militant who has chosen mainly non-violent forms of engagement is partly motivated by calls to compare non-violent with violent militants, in line with Tilly’s (2003: 238) argument that  

collective violence […] interweaves incessantly with nonviolent politics, varies systematically with political regimes, and changes as a consequence of essentially the same causes that operate in the nonviolent zones of collective political life. 

In fact, at the level of grievance formation and factors facilitating engagement, which constitute the focus of this analysis, I found all interviewees to display striking similarities.

References

All direct and indirect quotations must be marked with the appropriate bibliographical reference.
For references to verbatim quotations and paraphrases, as well as for references in general, the short or parenthesis citation form is used in socialpolicy.ch. This means that references are made in the text with the aid of round brackets by mentioning the author's name, the year of publication and, if applicable, the page number (Müller 1998: 20).

The following rules should be observed:

  • Name of author is not mentioned in the text
    Insert name of author and publication year in brackets: „... (Fachinger 1994) ...“
  • Name of author is mentioned in the text
    Insert publication year of source in brackets: „... after Faist (1994) ...“
  • Several authors
    • On the first ciation always all authors are named. The names are seperated by slashes: „... (Müller/Schulz 1994) ...“.
    • If last names are the same, use initials of first names to distinguish.
    • For further citations from the same publication, proceed as follows :
        1 or 2 authors
      In the text,
      first quotation      		 all
      In the text,
      following quotation       		 all
      Bibliography all
        3 authors
      In the text,
      first quotation      		 all
      In the text,
      following quotation      		 First author et.al.
      Bibliography all
        More than 3 authors
      In the text,
      First quotation      		 First author et.al.
      In the text,
      following quotation      		 First author et.al.
      Bibliography max. 8 authors et al.
  • Page reference
    • after the year of publication following a colon without "p.": „... Jacobs (1994: 13) ...“;
    • if several pages are cited no „p.“ or „pp.“, but exact page reference with first and last page: „... Jacobs (1994: 13-14) ...“ or „... Jacobs (1994: 13-16) ...“
  • Institutions
    Institutions may be referred to by their common abbreviation, if this abbreviation is written out in full in the bibliography and the first time it is mentioned in the text: "... United Nations (UN 2004) ..."
  • More than one title per author and year of publication
    Add the letters a, b, c, etc. after the year to differentiate: „... Fachinger (1994a: 12; 1994b: 17) ...“
  • Several successive literature references
    Separate by semicolon and enclose in common parenthesis: „... (Ludwig 1995; Fachinger/Faik 1994; Bleses 1994) ...“
  • Directly successive citation of the same work
    Each citation is referred to by the name of the authors